largest national forest in alaska

Tongass National Forest: Alaska's Largest

By John RobinsonApril 18, 2026

The largest national forest in Alaska, the Tongass National Forest, is a breathtaking expanse of old-growth rainforest that stretches across southeastern Alaska. This vast wilderness area, covering approximately 16.7 million acres, is a treasure trove of biodiversity, cultural heritage, and recreational opportunities.

Home to a rich array of wildlife, the Tongass National Forest is a sanctuary for species like the Sitka black-tailed deer, the Alaska brown bear, and the bald eagle. The forest's dense canopy and diverse habitats provide ideal conditions for these creatures to thrive.

The Forest's Biodiversity

The Tongass National Forest is renowned for its old-growth trees, some of which are over 1,000 years old. These ancient forests are a vital carbon sink, absorbing significant amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The forest's biodiversity is further enriched by its numerous rivers, streams, and coastal habitats.

a river in the middle of a forest surrounded by trees and grass with mountains in the background

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the mountains are covered in snow and green grass, with a small pond surrounded by tall pine trees

Among the many plant species found here are the iconic Sitka spruce, western hemlock, and Alaska yellow-cedar. The forest floor is carpeted with a rich tapestry of mosses, lichens, and ferns, providing a unique ecosystem that supports a wide range of wildlife.

Old-Growth Forests

Old-growth forests are a rare and precious resource, and the Tongass National Forest is one of the few places left on Earth where these ancient forests still thrive. These forests are not only vital for their carbon sequestration capabilities but also for the unique habitats they provide for numerous plant and animal species.

a river running through a lush green forest filled with lots of tall pine covered trees

the mountains are covered in clouds and trees near a lake surrounded by wildflowers

an aerial view of a waterfall surrounded by trees

Visitors to the Tongass National Forest can marvel at these ancient trees, some of which have stood for centuries, weathering the elements and providing a sanctuary for countless creatures.

Coastal Habitats

The Tongass National Forest's coastal habitats are equally as impressive as its old-growth forests. The forest's 11,000 miles of coastline are home to a diverse array of marine life, including whales, seals, and a vast array of fish species.

These coastal habitats are also crucial for the forest's terrestrial wildlife. Many species, such as the black bear and the Sitka black-tailed deer, rely on these areas for food and habitat.

a wooden path in the woods with moss growing on it

a stream running through a lush green forest filled with lots of trees and moss covered rocks

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a man with a backpack is walking up some stairs in the woods on a sunny day

Cultural Significance and Recreation

The Tongass National Forest holds immense cultural significance for the indigenous peoples of Southeast Alaska. The Tlingit, Haida, and Tsimshian tribes have lived in this region for thousands of years, relying on the forest's resources for their survival.

Today, the Tongass National Forest remains an important cultural and spiritual center for these communities. It is also a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts, offering a wide range of recreational activities, from hiking and camping to kayaking and fishing.

Cultural Heritage

The Tongass National Forest is home to numerous cultural sites, including ancient village sites, petroglyphs, and totem poles. These sites are a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the region's indigenous peoples and provide a window into their history and way of life.

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a river flowing through a lush green forest covered hillside next to snow capped mountains in the distance

a brown bear standing in the middle of a river with mountains in the back ground

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a lake surrounded by trees with snow capped mountains in the background and autumn foliage around it

Visitors to the Tongass National Forest can learn about this cultural heritage through interpretive programs and guided tours led by local experts.

Recreational Opportunities

The Tongass National Forest offers a wealth of recreational opportunities, with over 750 miles of trails and numerous campgrounds. The forest's rugged terrain and diverse habitats provide ideal conditions for a wide range of outdoor activities.

From hiking and camping to kayaking and fishing, the Tongass National Forest offers something for everyone. The forest's remote locations also provide opportunities for solitude and adventure, making it a popular destination for those seeking to escape the crowds.

As the largest national forest in Alaska, the Tongass National Forest is a treasure trove of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and recreational opportunities. Whether you're a nature lover, a history buff, or an outdoor enthusiast, the Tongass National Forest has something to offer you. So why not plan a visit and experience the magic of this ancient rainforest for yourself?